Historical CD interest rates: 1984-2019 - Bankrate.com

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 12:00 AM PDT

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It's no myth: Double-digit CD yields once existed.

Decades ago, average CD yields exceeded 10 percent APY. You won't find a return anywhere close to that today. In fact, the average 1-year CD pays just 0.80 percent APY, according to Bankrate's most recent national survey of banks and thrifts.

The downside to high CD rates? They're often an indication that inflation is high, as well, and your savings aren't as valuable as you think.

Here's a look at the historical ups and downs of CD rates and what yields could look like in the future. Compare current rates now to grow your savings.

CD rates in the 1980s

The U.S. faced two recessions in the early 1980s. That's when CD yields peaked. On average, 3-month CDs in early May 1981 paid about 18.3 percent APY, according to data from the St. Louis Federal Reserve.

"The reason why the interest rates were so high in the '80s is that we had that runaway inflation," says Jerry Lynch, a professor of economics at Purdue University.

While savers enjoyed higher rates on their certificates of deposit, their spending power took a hit. (Find out how much interest you could earn on a CD these days.)

"With inflation rates being so high, your purchasing power might not actually have been that good because it was being eroded by inflation," says Ted Beck, former president and CEO of the National Endowment for Financial Education.

CD rates in the 1990s

Following another short recession in the early 1990s, conditions improved and inflation fell. Overall, the decade was marked by a period of economic bliss.

"The Fed didn't need to run monetary policy as tight," says Gus Faucher, chief economist of the PNC Financial Services Group. "It's kind of the flip side of what we saw in the '70s and '80s — kind of a low inflation, low interest rate environment."

CD rates started to look normal again, sinking to 3.1 percent APY in June 1993, according to Bankrate's national survey. (Find out how today's rates on CDs and savings accounts stack up.)

"Money became less expensive and that brought down CD rates," Beck says.

CD rates in the 2000s

In early 2000, the economy started to slow after the dotcom boom began to lose steam. Hoping it would pick up speed, the Fed lowered interest rates.

"Money was so cheap," Lynch says. "The Fed was trying to pump money into the economy to kind of get it going again."

Bankrate data reveals that the average yield on 1-year CDs dipped below 2 percent APY in 2002. In 2009, after the financial crisis, the average 12-month CD paid less than 1 percent APY. Average rates on 5-year CDs were slightly higher (around 2.2 percent APY).

Other rates fell, as the central bank brought its key interest rate down to its lowest point possible.

"You saw overall rates decline," Beck says. "If you were to go back to the 1970s or '80s and say that somebody could get a mortgage rate with a three in front of it, they would've laughed at you because that was just unheard of."

CD rates from 2010 to 2019

The Federal Reserve's efforts to stimulate the economy following the Great Recession left many banks flush with cash. Banks held on to their extra funds, so they didn't have to boost rates on CDs to obtain money for lending.

CD yields reached historic lows. In June 2013, average yields on 1-year and 5-year CDs, according to Bankrate data, were 0.24 percent APY and 0.78 percent APY, respectively.

Savers benefited from a period of rising rates as the Fed gradually hiked its benchmark interest rate between December 2015 and 2018. Now, a decade after the Great Recession, rates are headed back down. It's tough to say when the central bank will reverse course. For now, it's expected that there may be additional rate cuts in the near future.